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Kalākaua, born David Laamea Kamanakapuu Mahinulani Nalaiaehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua and sometimes called The Merrie Monarch (November 16, 1836 – January 20, 1891), was the last reigning king of the Kingdom of Hawaii. He reigned from February 12, 1874 until his death in San Francisco, California, on January 20, 1891. During his reign hula was revived, after having been banned in 1830 by Queen Ka'ahumanu, who had converted to Christianity. He is also known for having revived surfing and the Hawaiian martial art, Kapu Kuialua. Kalākaua and his brother and sisters were known as the "Royal Fours" for their musical talents. He wrote "Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī", which is the state song of Hawaii today. His ardent support of the then newly introduced ukulele as a Hawaiian instrument led to its becoming symbolic of Hawaii and Hawaiian culture. He is honored as "Patron of Hawaiian Music Culture" by the Hawaiian Music Hall of Fame〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Patron of Hawaiian Music Culture: David Kalakaua (1836-1891) )〕 and was inducted into the Ukulele Hall of Fame in 1997.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=David Kalakaua (1836 - 1891): Inaugural Hall of Fame Inductee, 1997 )〕 ==Early life== Kalākaua was the second surviving son of his father High Chief Caesar Kaluaiku Kapaakea and his mother High Chiefess Analea Keohokālole. He was the older brother of Moses, James Kaliokalani, Lydia Kamakaeha, Anna Kaiulani, Kaiminaauao, Kinini, Miriam Likelike, and William Pitt Leleiohoku II. His name Kalākaua translates into "The Day () Battle" and refers to the unequal treaty imposed by British Captain Lord Edward Russell of the ''Actaeon'' on Kamehameha III on the day of his birth. Although he was promised in ''hānai'' to Kuini Liliha, Kaahumanu II gave him to the High Chiefess Haʻaheo Kaniu and her husband Keaweamahi Kinimaka instead.〔 Haʻaheo died in 1843; she bequeathed all her properties to him. His guardianship was entrusted in his ''hānai'' father, who was a chief of lesser rank; he took Kalākaua to live in Lāhainā. Kinimaka would later marry Pai, a subordinate Tahitian chiefess, who treated Kalākaua as her own until the birth of her own son. When Kalākaua was four, he returned to Oahu to live with his biological parents and to begin his education at the Chiefs' Children's School. At the school, Kalākaua became fluent in English and the Hawaiian language. He began studying law at the age of 16. His various government positions, however, prevented him from fully completing his legal training. Instead, by 1856, the young Hawaiian was a major on the staff of King Kamehameha IV. He had also led a political organization known as the Young Hawaiians; the group's motto was "Hawaii for the Hawaiians." In addition to his military duties, Kalākaua served in the Department of the Interior and, in 1863, was appointed postmaster general. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kalākaua」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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